Alfred peter



A. PETER. OIL ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED IIIIIY 6, me.

Patented Dalia, 1919.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED PETER, OF THREE RIVERS, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

FAIRBANKS, MORSE & (10., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

Y bin-Enema. J

"To all whom it may concern: d

Be it known that I, ALFRED Pnrnn,a c1t1- zen of the Republic of Switzerland, residin at Three Rivers, in the countyof St. J osep and State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Oil- Engines, of which the following is a specification. d I

This invention relates to explosive engines in which oil is used as a fuel, and particularly to that class of engines in which, on starting, the oil-charges are fired by being thrown into contact with a tem orarily heated igniting'device, but are, a r the engine is started, fired by the heat of the compressed ases or by contact with surfaces exposed to 't e heat ofcombustion of regular.

operation of the. engine. 7 l j The objects of the invention are to -provide a mechanism which does not involve.

movin parts, b which the enginemay 'be I initiall y fired by an externally heated 'men'iber, while the permanent firlng vofthe engine is done by the heat ofthe compressed gases'or'by contactl -i with surfaces exposed to the heat combustion ofregular operation of the engine; to rovidea novel means for protecting the cylinder, heads froi n the heat produced bgthe combustion of the engine so that if a acture occurs due to excessive heat, it will takeplace in ac-removable part and a part which will not permit the esca e of gas from the engine, thus requiring't e stoppage until repairs can be made. "A further object of the invention is to provide a novel method of water-jacketing the combustion chamber. The invention further consists in the features and'details of construction hereafter more fully set forth in the specification and claims.

Referring .to the drawings, in which sinu lar numerals refer to the'samecparts, the single figure is a central sectional detail view through the combustion end of an engme cylinder 10, equipped with mechanism illustrating this invention in its preferred form. The cylinder 10, just referred to, is

closed by a cylinder head 12, the cylinder Specification of Letters meat.- 1 t t d 1 1919,

Annlication filed m 6,'1 918." Seria1110.282,?24. I i

a generally spherical combustion chamber 24 of a suitable sue for use in firing the engine.

In the preferred form' of I the [invention shown, th s casting 22 is so madethat apor tion of 1t, the lower half as shown in the drawingyisin the form 'of a conical member 26 which enters conical recess '20 in the cylinder head, there being through this conical o ening 20 a centralpassageway 28 leadmg into the cylinder 10. It is to-be noted that thev walls ofv this conical member 26 l,

' protect the walls of theconical opening 20 of the cylinder head from heat'arising in the combustion chamber'24, with theresult that if anhing -cracks under theaction of excessive eatv m the combustionchamber )24, it is the wall portions 26 in casting 22 which canbe easilyremovedfiforjrepair or replacement, vrather.-.thani the heavier and 1 moreexpensive cylinder head 12, ;-CEurther-,

, cracks do appear ,in 'thei conical more, 1

member 2 g l 6. --within.the: combustion cal walls'of theopening 20 of the cylinder head 12' escape intolthe'water jacket 13 and cause trouble. The casting 22 is detachably' secured to the cylinder head by any suitable means not shown in detail in the drawing.

.The conical recess 20 and the conical interfitting part 26 further serve a. useful function in that if the heat breaks the member 26, the parts thereofare retained against the conical walls of the opening 20 and'do not readily fall into the cylinder, and, thus, there do damage, as would be apt to be the case were a straight sided or oppositely flar-v ing wall connection provided. 7

At the top of combustion chamber 24 and in alinement with passageway 28-, heretofore described, is an injector nozzle 30 adapted, when supplied with fuel oil or the like, to throw it through combustion chamber 24 and toward passageway 28 and piston 18, this fuel bein ignited on introduction by hot compresse ases or by contact with the piston on the ot er hot surfaces causing a pressure rise in the chamber 24-28, which,

inthe ordinary manner, forces piston 18 take place until the surfaces have become heated by previous combustion, it is necessary to provide initial starting means, and this consists in the use of a hot plug or spot device 34 located in the upper portion of the combustion chamber and an injector nozzle 36 suitably located opposite it adapted to discharge oil or other fuel material across the chamber 24 and into contact with the heating device 34 or parts of the casting 22 immediately adjacent thereto. Outside of the mechanism heretofore described, a suitable supply pipe 36 is provided having one branch controlled by a suitable valve, as 38, adapted to deliver fuel to the nozzle 36 and another branch, as40, preferably controlled by a suitable valve 42, delivering fuel to nozzle 30. The device will work, in practice, when both valves 38 and 42 are omitted or are both open, but it is preferable to provide them and operate the device with valve 42 closed and 38 open during the starting operation; reversing them after the engine has become warm enough to ignite regularly from the heat of previous combustions. Under this last condition, heat or heat-producing agentssupplied to device 34 may, of course, be cut oii as it is unnecessary until, after the engine has cooled ofi', it is desired to again start it.

The upper portion of casting 22 is provided with water jacketing ports and pas sageways 40, 42, 44, 46 terminatin in a discharge pipe 48, so that cooling llquid may be passed from the Water-jacketing spaces 13, 14, 15 of the cylinder head around the upper end of the combustion chamber 24, thus cooli it without interfering with the starter-heatm device 34. In practice, it has been found limit this structure materially increases the efliciency of the device.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a device of the class described, an engine cylinder closed at one end, except for a relatively small opening, a piston in said engine cylinder adapted to travel into roximity with said opening, a combustion 0 amber outside the cylinder end communicating with said opening, means 'for injecting fuel material through said combustion chamber and said opening toward said piston, means for temporarily heating a part exposed to the combustion chamber, another means for injecting fuel material through the combustion chamber into contact with said temporarily heated part, means for supplying fuel material through both of said injecting means, and means for selectively controlling the supply of fuel tosaid injecting means.

2. In a device of the class described, an engine cylinder closed at one end except for a relatively small opening, a piston in said engine cylinder adapted to travel into proximity with said opening, a combustion chamber outside the cylinder end communicating with said opening, means located in substantially the axis of the cylinder for injecting fuel material through said combustion chamber and said opening toward said piston, means for temporarily heating a part exposed to the combustion chamber, and another for injecting fuel material through the combustion chamber into contact with said temporary heating means located approximately at right angles to the first injecting means.

3. In a device of the class described, an engine cylinder closed at one end except for a relatively small opening, a piston in said engine cylinder adapted to travel into proximity with said opening, a combustion chamber outside the cylinder end communicatlng with said opening, means located in substantially the axis of the cylinder for injectlng fuel material through said coinbustion chamber and said opening toward sald plston, means for temporarily heating a part exposed to the combustion, another means for injecting fuel through the combustion chamber into contact with said temporary heating means located approximately at rightangles to the first injecting means, means for supplying fuel material through both of said injecting means, and means for selectively controlling the supply of fuel to said injecting means.

4. In a device of the class described, an engine cylinder closed at one end, except for a relatively small opening, a piston in said engine cylinder adapted to travel into proximity with said opening, a combustion chamber outside the'cylinder end communicating with said opening, means for injecting fuel material through said "combustion chamber and said openingftoward said piston, means for temporarily heating a part. in communication with the combustion chamber, another means for injecting fuel through the combustion chamber into contact with said tempdrarily heated part, and a water-jacket device for the head of the engine cylinder and that portion of the combustion chamber which is outside the'engine cylinder head exclusive of theportion immediately in proximity to said, temporary heating means.

5. In adevice of the class described, the combination of anengine cylinder head having a perforation therein, and a combustion chamber member having a. opening therein adapted to register with the opening in the cylinder head, said opening in the combustion chamber member being through a projecting portion thereof forming substantially half of the combustion chamber which enters and serves as a lining for the opening in the cylinder head mechanism, for the purposes set: forth.

6. In a device of-the class described, the combination with an engine cylinder head having a perforation therein and a combus tion chamber member having an opening therein adapted to register with the opening in the cylinder head, said opening in the combustion chamber member being through a conical projecting portion thereof which enters and serves as a lining for a corresponding conical opening in the cylinder head mechanism, adapted to retain any parts broken from the combustion chamber, to prevent their entrance to the engine cylinder, for the purposes set forth.

7. Ina device of the class described, the combination of an engine cylinder-head having a perforation therein, a combustion chamber member having an opening therein adapted to register with the opening in the cylinder, saidfopening in the combustion chamber member being through a projecting portion thereof forming substantially half of the combustion chamber which enters and serves as a lining for the opening in the cylinder mechanism, and means for firing fuel material within the combustion chamher preparatory to its passage into the cylinder, for the purposes set forth.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination with an engine cylinder head having a perforation therein and a combustion chamber member having an opening therein adapted to register with the opening in the cylinder head, said. opening in the combustion chamber member being through a conical projecting portion thereof which enters and serves as a lining for a nesses. I

ALFRED PETER. Witnesses ROBERT W. HALL, F; H. ANDERSON. 

